3. Read the text and answer the questions.

 What is a Personal Computer?

 Personal computers (PC) are small, relatively inexpensive computers for an individual user. Their price can be from a few hundred dollars to thousands of dollars. All are based on the microprocessor technology that enables manufacturers to put an entire CPU on one chip. Personal com­puters are used in business for word processing, accounting, desktop publishing. At home, the most popular use for personal computers is for playing games. Personal computers first appeared in the late 1970s. One of the first and most   popular   personal   computers   was   the   Apple   II,   made   in   1977   by   Apple Computer. Then, in 1981, IBM (International Business Machines) made its first personal computer, known as the IBM PC. The IBM PC quickly became the most popular personal computer.

 

What is a Software?

Computer   programs   are   called   software.   Software   is   instructions   for hardware (the machines) to do work. Software is often divided into two categories: Systems software: the operating system and all the utilities that enable the computer to function. Applications software: programs that do real work for users. For ex­ample, word processors, spreadsheet programmes, and games are appli­cations software. What is a Hardware? Hardware are computer components that you can touch, like disks, disk drives, monitors, keyboards, printers, boards, and chips. But you cannot touch software. Software exists as ideas, concepts, and symbols. A computer without software is dead — you need software to make the computer work. What are Peripheral Devices? Peripheral   devices   are   computer   devices,   such   as   a   CD­ROM   drive   or printer. Peripheral devices can be external, such as a mouse, keyboard, printer, monitor, and scanner. Peripheral devices can be internal, such as a CD­ROM drive or internal modem.

 

Questions:

1. What is a personal computer? 

2. What are personal computers used for? 

3. What were the first models of PC? 

4. What are computer programs called? 

5. What is hardware?

 

Vocabulary     

individual — индивидуальный, личный   

user — пользователь 

microprocessor = chip — микропроцессор  

CPU (central processing unit) — центральный процессор 

word processing — электронная обработка текста  

desktop publishing — настольные издательские средства  

software — компьютерные программы, программное обеспечение 

instructions — команды hardware — оборудование, «железо» 

 systems software — системное программное обеспечение  

applications software — прикладные программы  

utility — обслуживающая программа, утилита  

word   processor   —   текстовой   процессор   (программа   подготовки   и редактирования текста) 

spreadsheet — программа, работающая с таблицами  

disk drive — дисковод  monitor — монитор printer — принтер  

board — плата chip — процессор, микросхема  

peripheral device — периферийное устройство  

CD­ROM drive — дисковод для компакт­-дисков  internal modem — встроенный модем.

Комментарии

Отправить комментарий

Популярные сообщения из этого блога

Изображение
Symbols of Russia  The national symbols of Russia are a part of the cultural heritage of the country which has given the country its national identity. The official and non-official symbols play an important role in formation of a country and a nation’s image; they build up its recognition. Symbols of Russia and Russians are quite diverse. There are only three official, i.e. authorized by law, symbols of the state — the flag, emblem and anthem. But there are a lot of informal symbols, which are often much more famous and popular. I’d like to tell you about these symbols of Russia. At first  official symbols : 1. National Flag of Russia The national flag of Russia is a tri color flag-white color which lies on the top, blue in the middle and red on the bottom. White stands for nobility and frankness; blue symbolizes loyalty, honesty, chastity and scarlet represents self-sacrifice, generosity and love. While some Russians believe that red means the land, blue stands for sky, and
Далее...
The state system of Great Britain - Государственный устрой Великобритании    Great Britain is a parliamentary  monarchy (1) . The power of the Queen is limited by the Parliament. It means that the  sovereign reigns (2)  but does not rule. Britain does not have a written constitution, but a set  of laws (3) . Parliament is the most important authority in. Britain. It  comprises (4)  the House of Commons, the House of Lords and the Monarch in her constitutional role. In reality the House of Commons is the only one of the three, which has true power.    The Monarch  serves formally (5)  as head of state. But the Monarch is expected to be politically  neutral (6)  and should not make political decisions. The present sovereign of Great Britain is Queen Elizabeth II (the second). She  was crowned (7)  in Westminster Abbey in 1953.    The House of Commons has 650 elected Members of Parliament (MPs), each representing  a local constituency (8) .    They are elected by secret ballot. General
Далее...
моя будущая профессия-автомеханик  In the present world of technological progress, the profession of the mechanic has broad specialization and therefore it is very popular and very demanded. By means of specialized diagnostics workers carry out servicing and car repairs. To work as the mechanic it is necessary to possess certain skills: endurance, physical force, good sight and correct coordination of movements. Data on the first mechanics appeared approximately in the 18th century, in the countries in which there was a transport capable to independent movement. Since then, transport constantly was improved and changed. Repair and leaving therefore there was a need for specially trained masters was necessary to any mechanism. So there was a profession of the mechanic. If you work as the mechanic, you surely need special clothes which not only will protect from pollution, but also will protect your body and to a code from damages.  Today – this profession is rather demanded
Далее...