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Traditions and holidays British calendar is flashy with all kinds of holidays: national, traditional, public or bank holidays. The formation of some of them dates back hundreds of year, and it is not great surprise for such country as Great Britain loving its culture and history. Public or bank holidays require all business and other bank institutions to close for the day and to give the employees a paid day off. They are: Christmas, New Years Day, Easter, St. Patrick’s Day, etc. Traditions respected on these days are various and interesting: for example, on the President’s Day girls are to ask boys off for a date, or invite them to a party or to the cinema, or even ask him to marry her. On the St. Patrick’s Day people use to wear something green and attend parades. National holidays are also rich in their traditions and customs. On the Memorial Day people use to invite friends and relatives to a dinner and remember the dead together. The Midsummer Day, on the 24th of June gi

Environmental pollution Largest problems Environmental pollution is one of the largest problems in our today’s world. It can be defined as a contamination of air, water and land from man-made waste. Nowadays there aren’t any cities and hardly any rural areas that remain clean and unpolluted. Types of pollution There are a lot of different types of pollution among which the most recognized are air and water pollution, soil and radioactive contamination, littering, noise, light and thermal pollution. Unfortunately, most of the problems are the result of human activities. Indeed, the contradictions between man and nature are on a high level. Deforestation People cut down forests and thus damage thousands of acres of land. First of all, the soil  can be easily blown away and secondly, even if new trees are planted, they can’t bring back the old forests that were a part of a complex ecosystem that cleaned the air and made home for wildlife. Waste Big industrial cities prod

Диалог “At the restaurant”. A – Andrew, W – Waiter. A:  Waiter! I’d like the menu, please. W:  Here you are, sir. W:  Are you ready to order? A:  Yes, I am. Can I start with tomato soup? Then the salmon and steak, please. W:  What steak would you like: rare, medium or well — done? A:  Medium, please. W:  And would you like vegetables or salad? A:  Vegetables, please. W:  Would you like any wine? A:  Yes, white, please. A:  Waiter! Can I have the bill, please? W:  Here you are. A:  Is service included? W:  Yes, it is. A:  Can I pay by credit card? W:  Yes, of course.

Тема "Здоровое питание" (Healthy eating) Our health depends on our eating. Food provides us with the energy that we spend with physical exertion. Update and development of the organism at the cellular level directly depends on the products that we use. The body needs to receive a sufficient number of nutrients every day: proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, trace elements. Proper nutrition is a mandatory point of a healthy lifestyle and a guarantee of stable functioning of the body as a whole. Everyday diet should be diverse and full. Freshness of products is very important. It is necessary to monitor the volume of food intake. Each person's portion varies, depending on age, health status, gender, and equipment. Cereals, fruits and vegetables, fish, meat, eggs, dairy products, nuts, salt, sugar, fat, should be present in the diet. A balanced diet should become a way of life. You should refuse to give up snacks and fast food. Thoroughly chew food,

Диалог "Назначение встречи" (Making an Appointment) Making an Appointment - Good afternoon. May I speak to Miss Anna Craig, please? - It’s Anna Craig speaking. - Hello, Miss Craig. This is Laura Nelson, a lawyer from “Nelson Company”. Yesterday you left a message for me to call you back. - Oh, hello, Ms. Nelson. I’m glad you called me back. Thank you. - You are welcome. How can I help you? - I was calling to make an appointment. I would like to know if I can come and see you in your office this week. It’s quite an urgent matter. - Just a minute, Miss Craig. I have to check my diary… Well, Thursday or Friday will be all right. Which day do you prefer? - How about Friday? - Yes. I am a little busy in the morning but I will be available after noon. - That would be fine. It suits me too. - Would 2 p.m. be convenient for you? - Yes. But is it possible to meet at 3, instead? - O.K. It sounds perfect to me too. So I’ll see you in my office on Friday a

Основные понятия The official name of Russia is  the Republic of Russian Federation. The Russian Federation  is a federal (presidential, parliamentary) republic. The  Federal Assembly – Федеральная Собрание (the Russian Parliament) The  Council of Federation – Совет Федерации The  State Duma – Государственная Дума The  Council of  Ministers = The Cabinet of Ministers – Совет министров (правительство) The  Chairman of government= The Prime Minister – Председатель правительства The  Supreme Court – Верховный суд The  Constitutional Court – Конституционный суд The Political System of Russia (основная информация) The president  is the head of the state. He has much power: can dissolve the Duma, can veto laws. The National Government of Russia consists  of the President, the Council of Ministers and the Federal Assembly. The  legislative power  in Russia belongs to the Federal Assembly. It consists of two houses or chambers: the Upper House (the Council of

The role of science in our world  One sharp-witted person once said: “I like the science — but not so much. What I love with all my tremulous heart is the universe…. Our whole world as being turned up by science expects to be far more wonderful, and even far more curious, than we had any possible chance to expect. …What is true is that the very science is being appreciated due to the perception of the altering universe which it suggests”. As I view it, the original author of the following abstract wanted to impact the readers by the idea that despite all positive and profound effect of the science on the human development, it is the very universe, which should be valued above all. I couldn’t agree more with the stated position for my fresh part. I also simply can’t but totally agree with the statement that “science is valuable because of the realistic reception and treatment of the very universe what it gives”. It is really hard even slightly to overestimate the great role of s

Economy of Great Britain (Экономика Великобритании) About 25% of Britain's land is arable (пахотный, обрабатываемый, культивируемый), and almost half is suitable for meadows (луга, пойменная земля) and pastures (пастбища). Its agriculture is highly mechanized and extremely productive; about 2% of the labor force produces 60% percent of the country's food needs. Barley, wheat, rapeseed, potatoes, sugar beets, fruits, and vegetables are the main crops. The widespread dairy industry produces milk, eggs, and cheese. Beef cattle and large numbers of sheep, as well as poultry and pigs, are raised throughout much of the country. There is also a sizable fishing industry, with cod (треска), haddock (пикша), mackerel (макрель, скумбрия), whiting (мерланг (рыба)), trout (форель), salmon (лосось, сёмга), and shellfish (моллюски, ракообразные) making up the bulk of the catch. Great Britain is one of the world's leading industrialized nations. It has achieved this posi

Несколько предложений на тему The Russian Federation   - переведите на английский язык 1. Владимир Путин стал Президентом Российской Федерации.  2. Российская Федерация – самая большая страна в мире.   3. Российская Федерация является парламентской республикой.  4. Территория Российской Федерации омывается тремя океанами. Moscow Moscow is the capital of Russia. And of course, it is the centre of Russian economy, politics, and culture. The city was built many centuries ago by Yuri Dolgorukiy, the Rurikid prince. It is situated on the banks of the Moscow River. Nowadays, Moscow is the largest city in the country with the population of more than 13 million residents. The Russian capital is also considered to be one of the most beautiful cities in the world. Red Square is the heart of the city in all senses. The Kremlin and St. Basil's Cathedral are situated there. These constructions are the outstanding examples of ancient Russian architecture. The Spasskaya Tower, whi

Тема "Американские традиции и обычаи" (American traditions and customs) The United States of America is the country with the most diverse cultures. As it is the land of immigrants, almost every nation of the world has contributed something to American traditions and customs. Some of them may seem quite strange and completely different from those of our native country. First of all we must say that American people are not just the nation of fast food and baseball caps. It is a unique nation rich in its traditions and typical habits. Americans like smiling, handshaking and joking. They protect their privacy and avoid discussing such controversial subjects as religion, money, politics and personal values. At the same time the people are really friendly and open-minded. Many Americans appreciate independent thinking. They are always punctual and wait their turn in lines patiently. Baseball, basketball, football and bowling are America’s favourite pastimes. These kinds o

Диалог о поездке в Нью-Йорк (New York) Marion: Yeah! So you said you went to New York there.  How did you find  New York? Mauve: Oh, it was great. It was cool. Marion: So what did you do there? Mauve: Well, we went to see the Empire State building, the Statue of Liberty. Took a boat around Manhattan and went to a show on Broadway. Marion: That must have been exciting. Mauve: Oh, it was great. It was brilliant. It was so professional. Marion: Yeah. What was the show? Mauve: It was really good. It was called, it was called "Wonderful Town!" I had never heard of it before but we just  queued  and got tickets during the day and whatever we could get we just went to see it. Yeah, but it was really, it was a comedy as well. It was really funny, and there was dance. It was very good. Marion: Mm, yeah, so would you go back to New York? Mauve: Yeah, I would, definitely. Um, it's funny though, like after I spent a week there, and after the week I feel I rea

моя будущая профессия-автомеханик  In the present world of technological progress, the profession of the mechanic has broad specialization and therefore it is very popular and very demanded. By means of specialized diagnostics workers carry out servicing and car repairs. To work as the mechanic it is necessary to possess certain skills: endurance, physical force, good sight and correct coordination of movements. Data on the first mechanics appeared approximately in the 18th century, in the countries in which there was a transport capable to independent movement. Since then, transport constantly was improved and changed. Repair and leaving therefore there was a need for specially trained masters was necessary to any mechanism. So there was a profession of the mechanic. If you work as the mechanic, you surely need special clothes which not only will protect from pollution, but also will protect your body and to a code from damages.  Today – this profession is rather demanded

Знания и навыки инженера теплотехника Для инженера по теплотехнике принципиальным является наличие следующих знаний и навыков: умение работать с программным обеспечением   с целью проектирования тепловых систем и анализа их эффективности; способность   разрабатывать план-схему отопления в помещениях; умение составлять   функциональные схемы обвязки оборудования; знание действующих нормативов   в области безопасности производственных процессов; знание положений, распоряжений,   а также методических рекомендаций, контролирующих теплоэнергетическую сферу на производстве. Работа инженера, занимающегося теплоэнергетикой, в первую очередь требует повышенной ответственности — все работы, так или иначе связанные с введением, наладкой и эксплуатацией теплового оборудования, должны выполняться точно в срок и в самом высоком качестве. Чтобы исполнять свои трудовые обязанности,   специалистам должны помогать такие личные характеристики: целеустремленность; активная жизненная п

Задания для проведения дифференцированного зачета Задание 1.  Прочитайте текст и выполните задания указав, какое из утверждений верно ( True ), а какое содержит неверную информацию  (False). 1) In the past English industrial prosperity rested on a few important products, such as textiles, coal and heavy machinery. Now the UK has a great variety of industries, for example heavy and light industry, chemical, aircraft, electrical, automobile and many other industries. 2) For instance, Newcastle is famous for coal industry, the county of Lancashire for its textile industry. The Midlands, or the central counties of England, are famous for the production of machinery, coal, motorcars and chemicals. 3) Speaking about the cities of the UK the first mention should be made of London, the capital of the UK. It is a big port on the River Thames, a major commercial, industrial center. Leeds is a center of clothing industry producing woolen articles. Glasgow is a major port on the Rive